Journal of Surgery and Medicine
Research Article
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İdiyopatik tekrarlayan gebelik kaybı olan kadınların endometriyumunda implantasyon penceresi sırasında Annexin-2, Pentraxin-3 ve Osteopontin ekspresyonları

Year 2020, Volume 4, Issue 9, 817 - 821, 01.09.2020

Banuhan ŞAHİN Erkan ALATAŞ Sevgi ÖZKAN

https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.782307

Abstract

Amaç: İmplantasyon penceresi sırasında endometriyal reseptivite moleküllerinin ve genlerinin başarısız ekspresyonu, idiyopatik tekrarlayan gebelik kaybına (ITGK) yol açabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ITGK'li kadınlarda endometriumda annexin-2 (ANXA-2), pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) ve osteopontin (OPN) ekspresyonlarını incelemekti. Yöntemler: Bu vaka kontrol çalışmasına ITGK'li toplam 34 kadın ve yaşları eşleştirilmiş 34 sağlıklı kadın dahil edilmiştir. Menstruel döngüsünün orta luteal fazında serum örnekleri toplandı ve implantasyon penceresi günlerinde endometriyal biyopsiler alındı. Endometriyal biyopsilerde lokalizasyonlara göre ANXA-2, PTX-3 ve OPN ekspresyonları immunohistokimya ile incelendi. Endometriyal ANXA-2, PTX-3 ve OPN immün reaktivitesinin yoğunluğunu değerlendirmek için H-skor yöntemi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Ortalama PTX-3 skoru, ITGK'li kadınların epitel endometriyumunda kontrol vakalarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (2,47 (0,56)'ya karşı 1,44 (0,50), P<0,001). ITGK 'li kadınlarda endometriyumun hem luminal hem de glandüler epitel ve stromal bölümleri, PTX-3 için artmış boyanma gösterdi. Epitelyal endometriyumda PTX-3 ekspresyonundaki artış, serum progesteron seviyesindeki düşüş ile korelasyon gösterdi (P=0,016). ITGK örneklerinin epitel endometriyumundaki ANXA-2 ve OPN ekspresyonları yaşa uygun kontrol denekleriyle karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük ekspresyon görülmesine rağmen istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi (1,97 (0,71)'e karşı 2,21 (0,59), P=0,145 ve 1,97 (0,79)'a karşı 2,12 (0,68), P=0,418). Sonuç: İmplantasyon penceresi sırasında ITGK'li kadınların epitel ve stromal endometriyumunda PTX-3 ekspresyonu artmaktadır. ITGK'li kadınlarda serum progesteron seviyesi düştükçe glandüler ve lüminal epitelde endometrial PTX-3 ekspresyonu artmaktadır. Endometriyal PTX-3, ITGK için potansiyel bir moleküler hedef olabilir.

Keywords

Annexin-2, Endometrium, Osteopontin, Pentraxin-3, Gebelik kaybı

References

  • 1. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion, Fertil Steril. 2020;113(3):533-5. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.11.025
  • 2. Hong Li Y, Marren A. Recurrent pregnancy loss: A summary of international evidence-based guidelines and practice. Aust J Gen Pract. 2018;47(7):432-6.
  • 3. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion, Fertil Steril, 2012;98(5):1103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048
  • 4. Dominguez F, Yáñez-Mó M, Sanchez-Madrid F, Simón C. Embryonic implantation and leukocyte transendothelial migration: different processes with similar players? FASEB J. 2005;19(9):1056‐60.
  • 5. Lessey BA, Young SL. What exactly is endometrial receptivity? Fertil Steril. 2019;111(4):611‐7.
  • 6. Wu F, Chen X, Liu Y, Liang B, Xu H, Li TC, et al. Decreased MUC1 in endometrium is an independent receptivity marker in recurrent implantation failure during implantation window. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018;16(1):60.
  • 7. Huang J, Qin H, Yang Y, Chen X, Zhang J, Laird S, et al. A comparison of transcriptomic profiles in endometrium during window of implantation between women with unexplained recurrent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage. Reproduction. 2017;153:749-58.
  • 8. Dhaenens L, Lierman S, De Clerck L, Govaert E, Deforce D, Tilleman K, et al. Endometrial stromal cell proteome mapping in repeated implantation failure and recurrent pregnancy loss cases and fertile women. Reprod Biomed Online. 2019;38(3):442-54.
  • 9. Gerke V, Moss S E. Annexins and membrane dynamics. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997;1357:129-54.
  • 10. Filipenko NR, Waisman DM. The C terminus of annexin II mediates binding to F-actin. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:5310-5.
  • 11. Dominguez F, Garrido-Gomez T, Lopez JA, Camafeita E, Quinonero A, Pellicer A, et al. Proteomic analysis of the human receptive versus non-receptive endometrium using differential in-gel electrophoresis and MALDI-MS unveils stathmin 1 and annexin A2 as differentially regulated. Human Reprod. 2009;24:2607-17.
  • 12. Garrido-Gómez T, Dominguez F, Quiñonero A, Estella C, Vilella F, Pellicer A, et al. Annexin A2 is critical for embryo adhesiveness to the human endometrium by RhoA activation through F-actin regulation. FASEB J. 2012;26(9):3715-27.
  • 13. Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Cotena A, Moalli F, Jaillon S, Deban L, et al. The long pentraxin PTX3 as a prototypic humoral pattern recognition receptor: interplay with cellular innate immunity. Immunological Reviews. 2009;227: 9-18.
  • 14. Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Bastone A, Mantovani A. Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annu Rev Immunol. 2005;23:337-66.
  • 15. Garlanda C, Maina V, Martinez de la Torre Y, Nebuloni M, Locati M. Inflammatory reaction and implantation: the new entries PTX3 and D6. Placenta. 2008;29:129-34.
  • 16. Freis A, Von Horn K, Göggl T, Hecht S, Roesner S, Strowitzki T, et al. Serum levels of Pentraxin 3 differ significantly at the time of blastocyst transfer depending on implantation success: a pilot study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2018;297(6):1565-70.
  • 17. Larsson A, Palm M, Helmersson J, Axelsson O. Pentraxin 3 values during normal pregnancy. Inflammation. 2011;34:448-51.
  • 18. Zhou P, Luo X, Qi HB, Zong WJ, Zhang H, Liu DD, et al. The expression of pentraxin 3 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha is increased in preeclamptic placental tissue and maternal serum. Inflamm Res. 2012;61(9):1005-12.
  • 19. Johnson GA, Burghardt RC, Bazer FW, Spencer TE. Osteopontin: roles in implantation and placentation. Biol Reprod. 2003;69:1458-71.
  • 20. Casals G, Ordi J, Creus M, Fábregues F, Carmona F, Casamitjana R, et al. Osteopontin and alphavbeta3 integrin as markers of endometrial receptivity: the effect of different hormone therapies. Reprod Biomed Online. 2010;21(3):349-59.
  • 21. Qu X, Yang M, Zhang W, Liang L, Yang Y, Zhang Y, et al. Osteopontin expression in human decidua is associated with decidual natural killer cells recruitment and regulated by progesterone. In Vivo. 2008;22(1):55-61.
  • 22. Noyes RW, Hertig AT, Rock J. Reprint of: Dating the Endometrial Biopsy. Fertil Steril. 2019;112:93-115.
  • 23. Budwit-Novotny DA, McCarty KS, Cox EB, Soper JT, Mutch DG, Creasman WT, et al. Immunohistochemical analyses of estrogen receptor in endometrial adenocarcinoma using a monoclonal antibody. Cancer Res. 1986,46(10):5419-25.
  • 24. Creus M, Ordi J, Fábregues F, Casamitjana R, Ferrer B, Coll E, et al. alphavbeta3 integrin expression and pinopod formation in normal and out-of-phase endometria of fertile and infertile women. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(9):2279-86.
  • 25. Hemberger M. Immune balance at the foeto-maternal interface as the fulcrum of reproductive success. J Reprod Immunol. 2012;97:36-42.
  • 26. Mor G, Cardenas I. The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2010;63:425-33.
  • 27. Apparao KB, Murray MJ, Fritz MA, Meye, WR, Chambers AF, Truong PR, et al. Osteopontin and its receptor alphav beta (3) integrin are coexpressed in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle but regulated differentially. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:4991-5000.
  • 28. Aplin JD, Kimber SJ. Trophoblast-uterine interactions at implantation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004;2: 48.
  • 29. Hess AP, Hamilton AE, Talbi S, Dosiou C, Nyegaard M, Nayak N, et al. Decidual stromal cell response to paracrine signals from the trophoblast: amplification of immune and angiogenic modulators. Biol Reprod. 2007;76:102-17.
  • 30. Popovici RM, Betzler NK, Krause MS, Luo M, Jauckus J, Germeyer A, et al. Gene expression profiling of human endometrial–trophoblast interaction in a coculture model. Endocrinology. 2006;147:5662-75.
  • 31. Doni A, Michela M, Bottazzi B, Peri G, Valentino S, Polentarutti N, et al. Regulation of PTX3, a key component of humoral innate immunity in human dendritic cells: stimulation by IL-10 and inhibition by IFN-gamma. J Leukoc Biol. 2006;79:797-802.
  • 32. Cetin I, Cozzi V, Pasqualini F, Nebuloni M, Garlanda C, Vago L, et al. Elevated maternal levels of the long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:1347-53.
  • 33. Fowler PA, Tattum J, Bhattacharya S, Klonisch T, Hombach-Klonisch S, Gazvani R, et al. An investigation of the effects of endometriosis on the proteome of human eutopic endometrium: a heterogeneous tissue with a complex disease. Proteomics. 2007;7:130-42.
  • 34. Brachvogel B, Moch H, Pausch F. Perivascular cells expressing annexin A5 define a novel mesenchymal stem cell-like population with the capacity to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages. Development. 2005;132:2657-68.
  • 35. Udry S, Aranda F, Latino O. Annexins and recurrent pregnancy loss. Medicina (B Aires). 2013;73(5):495-500.
  • 36. Gris JC, Perneger TV, Quere I. Antiphospholipid/antiprotein antibodies, hemostasis-related autoantibodies, and plasma homocysteine as risk factors for a first early pregnancy loss: a matched case-control study. Blood. 2003;102:3504-13.
  • 37. Ueki H, Mizushina T, Laoharatchatathanin T, Terashima R, Nishimura Y, Rieanrakwong D, et al. Loss of maternal annexin A5 increases the likelihood placental thrombosis and foetal loss. Sci Rep. 2012;2:827.
  • 38. Makker A, Singh MM. Endometrial receptivity: clinical assessment in relation to fertility, infertility, and antifertility. Med Res Rev. 2006;26:699-746.
  • 39. Peyghambari F, Salehnia M, Forouzandeh Moghadam M, Rezazadeh Valujerdi M, Hajizadeh E. The correlation between the endometrial integrins and osteopontin expression with pinopodes development in ovariectomized mice in response to exogenous steroids hormone. Iran Biomed J. 2010;14(3):109-19.

Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window

Year 2020, Volume 4, Issue 9, 817 - 821, 01.09.2020

Banuhan ŞAHİN Erkan ALATAŞ Sevgi ÖZKAN

https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.782307

Abstract

Aim: Failed expression of endometrial receptivity molecules and genes during the implantation window may lead to idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (IRPL). The aim of this study was to investigate annexin-2 (ANXA-2), pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) and osteopontin (OPN) expressions in the endometrium of women with IRPL. Methods: A total of 34 women with IRPL and 34 age-matched healthy women were recruited in this case control study. Serum samples were collected in the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and endometrial biopsies were harvested in the window of implantation days. The expressions of ANXA-2, PTX-3, and OPN in the endometrial biopsies according to localizations were examined by immunohistochemistry. The H-score method was used to evaluate the intensity of endometrial ANXA-2, PTX-3, and OPN immune-reactivity. Results: The mean PTX-3 score was significantly higher in the epithelial endometrium of women with IRPL compared with control cases (2.47 (0.56) vs 1.44 (0.50), P<0.001). Both luminal and glandular epithelial and stromal components of the endometrium showed increased staining for PTX-3 in women with IRPL. The increase of PTX-3 expression in the epithelial endometrium correlated with the decrease of serum progesterone level (P=0.016). When ANXA-2 and OPN expressions in the epithelial endometrium of IRPL samples were compared with the age-matched control subjects, although there was lower expression, no statistically significant difference was observed (1.97 (0.71) vs 2.21 (0.59), P=0.145 and 1.97 (0.79) vs 2.12 (0.68), P=0.418). Conclusion: PTX-3 expression increases in the epithelial and stromal endometrium of women with IRPL during the implantation window. As the serum progesterone level decreases, endometrial PTX-3 expression increases in glandular and luminal epithelium in women with IRPL. Endometrial PTX-3 may be a potential molecular target for IRPL.

Keywords

Pregnancy loss, Annexin-2, Endometrium, Osteopontin, Pentraxin-3

References

  • 1. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion, Fertil Steril. 2020;113(3):533-5. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.11.025
  • 2. Hong Li Y, Marren A. Recurrent pregnancy loss: A summary of international evidence-based guidelines and practice. Aust J Gen Pract. 2018;47(7):432-6.
  • 3. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion, Fertil Steril, 2012;98(5):1103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048
  • 4. Dominguez F, Yáñez-Mó M, Sanchez-Madrid F, Simón C. Embryonic implantation and leukocyte transendothelial migration: different processes with similar players? FASEB J. 2005;19(9):1056‐60.
  • 5. Lessey BA, Young SL. What exactly is endometrial receptivity? Fertil Steril. 2019;111(4):611‐7.
  • 6. Wu F, Chen X, Liu Y, Liang B, Xu H, Li TC, et al. Decreased MUC1 in endometrium is an independent receptivity marker in recurrent implantation failure during implantation window. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018;16(1):60.
  • 7. Huang J, Qin H, Yang Y, Chen X, Zhang J, Laird S, et al. A comparison of transcriptomic profiles in endometrium during window of implantation between women with unexplained recurrent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage. Reproduction. 2017;153:749-58.
  • 8. Dhaenens L, Lierman S, De Clerck L, Govaert E, Deforce D, Tilleman K, et al. Endometrial stromal cell proteome mapping in repeated implantation failure and recurrent pregnancy loss cases and fertile women. Reprod Biomed Online. 2019;38(3):442-54.
  • 9. Gerke V, Moss S E. Annexins and membrane dynamics. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997;1357:129-54.
  • 10. Filipenko NR, Waisman DM. The C terminus of annexin II mediates binding to F-actin. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:5310-5.
  • 11. Dominguez F, Garrido-Gomez T, Lopez JA, Camafeita E, Quinonero A, Pellicer A, et al. Proteomic analysis of the human receptive versus non-receptive endometrium using differential in-gel electrophoresis and MALDI-MS unveils stathmin 1 and annexin A2 as differentially regulated. Human Reprod. 2009;24:2607-17.
  • 12. Garrido-Gómez T, Dominguez F, Quiñonero A, Estella C, Vilella F, Pellicer A, et al. Annexin A2 is critical for embryo adhesiveness to the human endometrium by RhoA activation through F-actin regulation. FASEB J. 2012;26(9):3715-27.
  • 13. Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Cotena A, Moalli F, Jaillon S, Deban L, et al. The long pentraxin PTX3 as a prototypic humoral pattern recognition receptor: interplay with cellular innate immunity. Immunological Reviews. 2009;227: 9-18.
  • 14. Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Bastone A, Mantovani A. Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annu Rev Immunol. 2005;23:337-66.
  • 15. Garlanda C, Maina V, Martinez de la Torre Y, Nebuloni M, Locati M. Inflammatory reaction and implantation: the new entries PTX3 and D6. Placenta. 2008;29:129-34.
  • 16. Freis A, Von Horn K, Göggl T, Hecht S, Roesner S, Strowitzki T, et al. Serum levels of Pentraxin 3 differ significantly at the time of blastocyst transfer depending on implantation success: a pilot study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2018;297(6):1565-70.
  • 17. Larsson A, Palm M, Helmersson J, Axelsson O. Pentraxin 3 values during normal pregnancy. Inflammation. 2011;34:448-51.
  • 18. Zhou P, Luo X, Qi HB, Zong WJ, Zhang H, Liu DD, et al. The expression of pentraxin 3 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha is increased in preeclamptic placental tissue and maternal serum. Inflamm Res. 2012;61(9):1005-12.
  • 19. Johnson GA, Burghardt RC, Bazer FW, Spencer TE. Osteopontin: roles in implantation and placentation. Biol Reprod. 2003;69:1458-71.
  • 20. Casals G, Ordi J, Creus M, Fábregues F, Carmona F, Casamitjana R, et al. Osteopontin and alphavbeta3 integrin as markers of endometrial receptivity: the effect of different hormone therapies. Reprod Biomed Online. 2010;21(3):349-59.
  • 21. Qu X, Yang M, Zhang W, Liang L, Yang Y, Zhang Y, et al. Osteopontin expression in human decidua is associated with decidual natural killer cells recruitment and regulated by progesterone. In Vivo. 2008;22(1):55-61.
  • 22. Noyes RW, Hertig AT, Rock J. Reprint of: Dating the Endometrial Biopsy. Fertil Steril. 2019;112:93-115.
  • 23. Budwit-Novotny DA, McCarty KS, Cox EB, Soper JT, Mutch DG, Creasman WT, et al. Immunohistochemical analyses of estrogen receptor in endometrial adenocarcinoma using a monoclonal antibody. Cancer Res. 1986,46(10):5419-25.
  • 24. Creus M, Ordi J, Fábregues F, Casamitjana R, Ferrer B, Coll E, et al. alphavbeta3 integrin expression and pinopod formation in normal and out-of-phase endometria of fertile and infertile women. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(9):2279-86.
  • 25. Hemberger M. Immune balance at the foeto-maternal interface as the fulcrum of reproductive success. J Reprod Immunol. 2012;97:36-42.
  • 26. Mor G, Cardenas I. The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2010;63:425-33.
  • 27. Apparao KB, Murray MJ, Fritz MA, Meye, WR, Chambers AF, Truong PR, et al. Osteopontin and its receptor alphav beta (3) integrin are coexpressed in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle but regulated differentially. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:4991-5000.
  • 28. Aplin JD, Kimber SJ. Trophoblast-uterine interactions at implantation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004;2: 48.
  • 29. Hess AP, Hamilton AE, Talbi S, Dosiou C, Nyegaard M, Nayak N, et al. Decidual stromal cell response to paracrine signals from the trophoblast: amplification of immune and angiogenic modulators. Biol Reprod. 2007;76:102-17.
  • 30. Popovici RM, Betzler NK, Krause MS, Luo M, Jauckus J, Germeyer A, et al. Gene expression profiling of human endometrial–trophoblast interaction in a coculture model. Endocrinology. 2006;147:5662-75.
  • 31. Doni A, Michela M, Bottazzi B, Peri G, Valentino S, Polentarutti N, et al. Regulation of PTX3, a key component of humoral innate immunity in human dendritic cells: stimulation by IL-10 and inhibition by IFN-gamma. J Leukoc Biol. 2006;79:797-802.
  • 32. Cetin I, Cozzi V, Pasqualini F, Nebuloni M, Garlanda C, Vago L, et al. Elevated maternal levels of the long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:1347-53.
  • 33. Fowler PA, Tattum J, Bhattacharya S, Klonisch T, Hombach-Klonisch S, Gazvani R, et al. An investigation of the effects of endometriosis on the proteome of human eutopic endometrium: a heterogeneous tissue with a complex disease. Proteomics. 2007;7:130-42.
  • 34. Brachvogel B, Moch H, Pausch F. Perivascular cells expressing annexin A5 define a novel mesenchymal stem cell-like population with the capacity to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages. Development. 2005;132:2657-68.
  • 35. Udry S, Aranda F, Latino O. Annexins and recurrent pregnancy loss. Medicina (B Aires). 2013;73(5):495-500.
  • 36. Gris JC, Perneger TV, Quere I. Antiphospholipid/antiprotein antibodies, hemostasis-related autoantibodies, and plasma homocysteine as risk factors for a first early pregnancy loss: a matched case-control study. Blood. 2003;102:3504-13.
  • 37. Ueki H, Mizushina T, Laoharatchatathanin T, Terashima R, Nishimura Y, Rieanrakwong D, et al. Loss of maternal annexin A5 increases the likelihood placental thrombosis and foetal loss. Sci Rep. 2012;2:827.
  • 38. Makker A, Singh MM. Endometrial receptivity: clinical assessment in relation to fertility, infertility, and antifertility. Med Res Rev. 2006;26:699-746.
  • 39. Peyghambari F, Salehnia M, Forouzandeh Moghadam M, Rezazadeh Valujerdi M, Hajizadeh E. The correlation between the endometrial integrins and osteopontin expression with pinopodes development in ovariectomized mice in response to exogenous steroids hormone. Iran Biomed J. 2010;14(3):109-19.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Obstetrics and Gynecology
Journal Section Research article
Authors

Banuhan ŞAHİN (Primary Author)
AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ
0000-0002-8711-1584
Türkiye

Erkan ALATAŞ
PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ
0000-0001-6423-5106
Türkiye

Sevgi ÖZKAN
PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ
0000-0002-5933-5441
Türkiye

Supporting Institution Pamukkale Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri ve Fonları
Project Number 2014TPF012
Publication Date September 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020, Volume 4, Issue 9

Cite

Bibtex @research article { josam782307, journal = {Journal of Surgery and Medicine}, issn = {}, eissn = {2602-2079}, address = {jsurgmed@gmail.com}, publisher = {Fatih BAŞAK}, year = {2020}, volume = {4}, pages = {817 - 821}, doi = {10.28982/josam.782307}, title = {Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window}, key = {cite}, author = {Şahin, Banuhan and Alataş, Erkan and Özkan, Sevgi} }
APA Şahin, B. , Alataş, E. & Özkan, S. (2020). Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window . Journal of Surgery and Medicine , 4 (9) , 817-821 . DOI: 10.28982/josam.782307
MLA Şahin, B. , Alataş, E. , Özkan, S. "Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window" . Journal of Surgery and Medicine 4 (2020 ): 817-821 <https://jsurgmed.com/en/pub/issue/56766/782307>
Chicago Şahin, B. , Alataş, E. , Özkan, S. "Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window". Journal of Surgery and Medicine 4 (2020 ): 817-821
RIS TY - JOUR T1 - Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window AU - Banuhan Şahin , Erkan Alataş , Sevgi Özkan Y1 - 2020 PY - 2020 N1 - doi: 10.28982/josam.782307 DO - 10.28982/josam.782307 T2 - Journal of Surgery and Medicine JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 817 EP - 821 VL - 4 IS - 9 SN - -2602-2079 M3 - doi: 10.28982/josam.782307 UR - https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.782307 Y2 - 2020 ER -
EndNote %0 Journal of Surgery and Medicine Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window %A Banuhan Şahin , Erkan Alataş , Sevgi Özkan %T Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window %D 2020 %J Journal of Surgery and Medicine %P -2602-2079 %V 4 %N 9 %R doi: 10.28982/josam.782307 %U 10.28982/josam.782307
ISNAD Şahin, Banuhan , Alataş, Erkan , Özkan, Sevgi . "Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window". Journal of Surgery and Medicine 4 / 9 (September 2020): 817-821 . https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.782307
AMA Şahin B. , Alataş E. , Özkan S. Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window. J Surg Med. 2020; 4(9): 817-821.
Vancouver Şahin B. , Alataş E. , Özkan S. Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window. Journal of Surgery and Medicine. 2020; 4(9): 817-821.
IEEE B. Şahin , E. Alataş and S. Özkan , "Annexin-2, pentraxin-3, and osteopontin expressions in the endometrium of women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss during the implantation window", Journal of Surgery and Medicine, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 817-821, Sep. 2020, doi:10.28982/josam.782307
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