Determinants of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis among infants attended in tertiary referral hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Determinants of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Abebe Habtamu; Fikreab Bisrat; Tenagne Million

doi:10.28982/josam.8270

Authors

Abebe Habtamu Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3005-4821
Fikreab Bisrat Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4660-5672
Tenagne Million -patient Department, Meron Clinic (Private health Facility), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1375-732X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.8270

Keywords:

infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, IHPS, determinants, case-control study, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background/Aim: Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common surgical condition in early infancy, affecting approximately 2 per 1,000 live births. Despite its prevalence, limited data are available regarding the factors contributing to its development. This study aimed to identify determinants associated with IHPS among infants treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2021.

Methods: A retrospective, hospital-based case-control study was conducted from June to September 2021. A total of 466 infants—233 cases and 233 controls—were randomly selected. Data were collected using a structured checklist via the Open Data Kit (ODK) platform and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors of IHPS. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.

Results: Five independent determinants of IHPS were identified: male sex (AOR=2.09; 95% CI: 1.38–3.17), first-born status (AOR=2.02; 95% CI: 1.36–3.00), cesarean delivery (AOR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.05–2.89), bottle feeding (AOR=6.08; 95% CI: 2.85–12.98), and blood group O (AOR=2.40; 95% CI: 1.05–5.49).

Conclusion: Male sex, first-born status, cesarean delivery, bottle feeding, and blood group O were significantly associated with IHPS. These findings suggest that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding is recommended unless contraindicated. Further research is warranted to explore additional etiological factors and inform preventive strategies.

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